明传奇《窃符记》与《史记·魏公子列传》“尚奇”之比较

Comparison of “Advocating Oddness” in Qiefuji and Biography of Mr.Wei in Historical Records

"尚奇"是指《史记》倾向以"奇语"来记录奇人奇事,这不仅体现了作者司马迁的文学创作倾向,也体现了其独特的审美趣味。《史记》的这种"尚奇"精神,对明代传奇的创作也产生了深远的影响。明代戏曲家张凤翼创作的传奇《窃符记》便是沿袭了《史记·魏公子列传》中的人物、故事、结构之"奇",并综合运用多种艺术手法,将这种"奇"进行发展和演绎,使之较本传更具有传奇性。究其原因,可以归结为传奇性的本体特征、观众需求以及明人的"尚奇"风尚三个方面。

Historical Records tend to record the legendary stories through odd and surprising words, which not only embody the author＇s literary tendency, also reflect his unique aesthetic taste. This spirit also has a far-reaching influence on the legend creation of Ming Dynasty. Qiefuji, written by playwright of Zhang Fengyi, is a continuation of Historical Records＂ ＂advocating oddness＂ in characters, stories and structure. On the basic of the retention of the original story atmosphere and character positioning and in accordance with the requirements of drama and the author＇ s own expressional needs, Zhang adapts the narrative structure and creative features, thus forms his unique style.