民国时期西北回族教育近代化动因分析

The Motive of Modernization of Education for Northwest Hui Minority in the Republic of China

民国时期,西北地区回族教育发展迅速,逐渐向近代化迈进,除受国家时局和政策影响外,与这一时期回族社会形成发展回族教育以挽救国家危机并振兴回族发扬教义的认知密切相关。在这一认知影响下,西北回教有识之士改革经堂教育,创办新式回族学校,以回族教育近代化为兴教救国的出路;西北回族各界人士慷慨解囊、捐资助学,成为回族教育近代化重要经济来源;西北地区经堂教育与新式回族学校教育并存、互补,成为回族教育近代化的一种特性。

In the period of the Republic of China,education for Hui ethnic group developed rapidly in Northwestern region and gradually moved toward educational modernization. Apart from the influence of the national situation and policy,this development was closely related with the cognition formed in the Hui society in that period,the cognition of saving the country,revitalizing Hui ethnic group and promoting its religious doctrine by developing education. Under the influence of this cognition,Islamic intellects in the Northwest reformed Mosque education,set up new Hui schools and took modernization of Hui education as the way to save the country; Hui people from all walk of life donated generously for schools which became an important economic source for modernizing Hui education; and the coexistence and complementation of Mosque education and school education in the Northwest became a characteristic of the modernization of Hui education.