言据性的语言与认知表征

Evidentiality in Linguistic and Cognitive Representations

言据性已成为近年来颇受语言学家青睐的研究课题。它是指说话者在陈述一个命题时指明其信息的来源及表明对信息真实性的承诺。对其研究的目的就是要帮助说话者更好地利用语言词汇手段和语法手段表达语言意义,并且表明说话者对话语信息真实性的承诺,使听话者更准确地把握说话人的语用意图及命题态度。本文试图在认知科学和心智哲学视域下,探讨现代汉语中的言据现象,阐释其在语言与认知两个层面的关系,揭示汉语言据性的感知觉基础及心智观。

Evidentiality has drawn more and more interests from modern linguistics of different schools recently. It concerns the source of information provided by and its reliability based on during an interlocutor declares a proposition. The first purpose of research on evidentiality is to help the interlocutor employ lexicons and grammar skills to fully express the meanings of information and indicate his attitude toward the reliability of information. The second purpose is to help the listener （s） understand the pragmatic intention and the attitude toward proposition from the speaker. This essay attempts to discuss Chinese evidential phenomena from two perspectives of cognitive science and philosophy of mind. Its main purpose is to explain the relationship between language and cognition and expose experiencialism and mentalism behind Chinese evidentiality.