江苏省地理景观与美丽乡村建构研究

GEOGRAPHICAL LANDSCAPE AND THE CONSTRUCTION OF RURAL AESTHETIC SPACES IN JIANGSU PROVINCE

乡村审美空间蕴含着内在和深刻的人地关系理念内容,比经济效应有更深的自然情怀,是可持续发展的思想感情基础,也是现代景观规划的重要研究课题。城市化发展过程中自然地理脉络破坏对于乡村景观是致命的。探讨以多尺度层面的地理景观建构乡村审美空间:在区域大尺度范围内设计地理视域观赏空间;在镇域中尺度范围内将生态文明和社会经济发展要求安排在景观空间格局配置中;在乡村小尺度范围内造就素雅含蓄的村落景观。江苏省乡村具有四千年的历史,留下珍贵的人地关系文化遗产和审美烙印。从地理景观形态结构、格局演化进程与机理响应对照乡村审美空间景观,建构和谐安宁的画面境界;最终造就广阔地域的"美丽乡村"。

This paper explores the construction of rural aesthetic space by using the geographical landscape layout. Villages of Jiangsu province enjoy a 4000-year history which has left precious cultural heritages and aesthetic marks of man-land relationship. The destruction of natural geographical patterns is most fatal to rural landscape during the process of urbanization. Rural landscape planning must use geography as its basic space structure, base itself on regional geographical space analysis and landscape preservation, and make them the important indexes of preservation of regional landscape and traditional culture. It should be specified that the requirements of landscape optimize and socio- economic develop, embed the requirements of ecological civilization and social development in the layout of landscape space, and form the landscape network which can maintain the comprehensive environment. The philosophy of landscape aesthetics should be expanded to broader space, in order to introduce the concept of landscape beauty to broader fields like towns, villages, and even farmlands. In the following aspects, this paper discusses the construction of rural aesthetic space at multiple scales and levels： within regional/large-scale range, to preserve regional geographical pattern plays an important role in inheriting the cultural genes of man-land relationship; within township/medium-scale range, we pursue harmonious co-existence of countryside and nature by arranging rural space with geographical landscape perspectives and aesthetic principles; within village/small- scale range, we should highlight the integration of natural landscape and rural area in the space inside and outside buildings and also compose the layout by elegant and smooth aesthetic principles to create simple but elegant village landscapes.