纳米Al/Bi_2O_3制备和性能及长储研究

Preparation,Performance and Long-term Storage of Nano Al/Bi_2O_3

采用溶液法制备纳米Bi2O3颗粒,并用P4VP与Al粉自组装,获得分散均匀的纳米铝热剂Al/Bi2O3.利用X-射线粉末衍射(XRD)、扫描电镜(SEM)对其组成和形貌进行表征,运用差示扫描量热仪(DSC)、压力-时间曲线(p-t曲线)分析性能。自组装Al/Bi2O3的反应时间为0.036 s,最大压力为4 729 k Pa,达到最大气体压力的时间为0.162 s,表现出比Al/Fe2O3和Al/Cu O反应更为迅速,产气量更大的性能特点。经过加速老化实验,Al和Bi2O3接触更紧密但无明显团聚;经老化处理,相当于常温下储存15 a时间,Al表面氧化层厚度由3.2 nm增加到4.6 nm,Al/Bi2O3放热量由1 112 J/g逐步降低到606 J/g,Al/Bi2O3用于半导体桥发火时间由37.20 ms增加到50.88 ms,发火能量由0.64 m J增加到1.17 m J.

Nanoparticle bismuth oxide is prepared by a solution method, and then Al/Bi2O3 is self-as- sembled using P4VP. The samples are characterized by XRD, SEM, DSC, and P-t curve. The reaction time of self-assembled Al/Bi2O3 is 0. 036 s, the maximum pressure is 4 729 kPa, and the time corre-sponding to the pressure peak is 0. 162 s. The results show that Al/Bi2O3 has the advantage of rapid reaction over A1/Fe2 03 and Al/CuO. After accelerated aging test, aluminium powder and bismuth oxide pow-der contact with each other more closely without obvious agglomeration. After aging, it is equivalent to store for 15 years at room temperature, the oxide layer thickness of aluminium powder is increased from 3.2 nm to 4.6 nm, AI/Bi203 heat release is gradually reduced from 1 112 J/g to 606 J/g, the ignition time of semiconductor bridge is increased from 37.20 ms to 50. 88 ms, and the ignition energy is in- creased from 0. 64 mJ to 1.17 mJ.