注意缺陷多动障碍儿童数学与注意认知电位特征的研究

Cognitive study of mathematics and attention event-related potentials for children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder

目的 采用数学与注意两种事件相关电位（ERP）探讨注意缺陷多动障碍（attention deficit hyperactivity disorder,ADHD）儿童执行功能（EF）损害的神经机制.方法 对象ADHD组45例,正常对照组45名,年龄8～11岁,两组年龄、性别相匹配.两组儿童均使用数学与注意ERP任务检测,并与正常儿童比较分析.结果 ①计算判断ERP：ADHD儿童错误答案判断N2波幅（μV）低于正常儿童[（-11.86±6.01） μ V vs（-8.38±3.52）μV],差异有统计学意义（P＜0.05）;两组儿童正确答案判断比较差异无统计学意义（P＞0.05）.②注意ERP：ADHD儿童CPT非靶P3波幅低于正常儿童[（21.92±13.43） μ V vs （30.65±17.10）μV],差异有统计学意义（P＜0.05）.结论 ADHD儿童在计算答案判断N2波幅的降低,提示执行功能的工作记忆和决策能力的下降;CPT非靶P3波幅的降低反映执行功能的反应抑制缺陷.数学N2及注意CP3可作为联合评估执行功能障碍的敏感指标.

Objective To explore the features of mathematics and attention event-related potential for children with ADHD and impaired neural mechanisms of executive function （EF）.Methods The two groups children,45 ADHD children and 45 normal children,were eight-to-eleven-year-old and there were no significant differences in the age and sex of two groups children.Both children performed mathematic and continuous performance test （CPT） tasks.Results Fz in Mathematic ERP：The N2 amplitudes （μV） in children with ADHD were significantly lower than those of control group in deciding error （（-11.86±6.01） μV vs （-8.38±3.52） μV）,P〈0.05）,and there were no significant differences in deciding right between ADHD and normal control group （P〉0.05）.CPT：The Nogo P3 amplitudes in children with ADHD were significantly lower than control group（（21.92± 13.43）μV vs （30.65± 17.10）μV）,P〈0.05）.Conclusion The decrease of N2 amplitude while in deciding error indicate EF impairments deficits in working memory and decision-making ability.Nogo P3 amplitude of continuous performance task （CPT） in ADHD children indicate EF impairments deficits iu response inhibition.Both P3 in attention CPT and N2 in mathematics could be used as sensitive index of EF impairments.