红壤结皮发育特征及其与土壤溅蚀的关系

Growth Characteristic of Red Soil Crust and Its Relationship with Soil Splash Erosion

研究红壤表土结皮发育特征及其与土壤溅蚀的关系,可为理解红壤的侵蚀机理提供理论依据。通过人工模拟降雨溅蚀试验,采样制作土壤切片,同时测定红壤溅蚀速率,观察分析红壤土表结构的变化特征以及与土壤溅蚀的关系。结果表明:土壤母质和质地是影响土壤结皮形成的主要因素。母质是花岗岩的红壤不易形成结皮,而母质是红砂岩和第四纪红色粘土的红壤较易形成结皮。石砾和粗砂含量较多的红壤不易形成结皮,而粉粒和粘粒含量越多,红壤表面越易形成结皮。

The study of the growth characteristic of red soil crust and its relationship with soil splash erosion could offer theoretical basis for the understanding of erosion mechanism. Through rainfall simulating test, soil slices were sampled and the erosion rate of red soil was measured, growth characteristic of red soil crust and its relationship with soil splash erosion were observed and analyzed. The results indicated that： soil parent material and soil texture were the main factors to the formation of crust. Soil with the parent material of granitewas difficult to develop crust while it was more easily to develop crust when the parent material was reds and stone and quaternary red clay. Soil with more chad and coarse sand was difficult to form crust while it waseasily to develop crust when there was more particle and clay.