酿造高粱肥料高效利用研究

Study on Fertilizer Efficient Utilization of Brewing Sorghum

为了探讨本栽培区域N、P、K肥对酿造高粱产量的影响,寻求获得高产的N、P、K肥配方,本试验采用"3414"设计方案,以‘晋杂23号’为试验品种,在山西省农科院经济作物研究所试验田研究了不同N、P、K肥配方对试验品种农艺性状及产量的影响。结果表明:不同施肥处理高粱农艺性状、穗粒重、千粒重都高于对照(N0P0K0),但方差分析表明差异不显著;在一定的肥力基础上,增加肥料投入比不施肥可获得较高产量;施用氮肥和磷肥对于提高籽粒产量具有显著的作用,但随着氮肥施用量的增加,高粱籽粒产量显著降低;在本试验条件下,以N施用量为96 kg/hm2,P2O5施用量为76 kg/hm2,K2O施用量为60 kg/hm2是高粱获得高产量、低成本、高收益的合理配方。

In order to explore the effect of N, P and K fertilizer on the yield of brewing sorghum and to find theoptimum fertilizer formula of N, P and K for high yield of sorghum, based on‘3414’test design, a field trialwith sorghum variety‘Jinza No.23’was conducted to investigate the effects of different fertilizer formulas of N,P and K on agronomic characters and yield of sorghum in the experimental plot of the Industrial Crop Instituteof Shanxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences, China. The results showed that the agronomic characters, eargrain weight and1000-grain weight of sorghum of different fertilizer treatments were higher than that of thecontrol treatment, but there was no significant difference by variance analysis; on the basis of certain soilfertility, increasing fertilizer could obtain higher yield than no fertilizer; N and P fertilizer significantlyincreased the yield of sorghum grain, but with the increasing of N fertilizer, sorghum grain yield decreasedsignificantly. Under the experimental condition, N fertilizer application amount of 96 kg/hm2, P2O5 fertilizerapplication amount of 76 kg/hm2, and K2 O fertilizer application amount of 60 kg/hm2 were the reasonableformulas for high-yield, low-cost and high-income of sorghum.