钾营养对大麻生长及钾吸收与利用效率的影响

Effects of Potassium Nutrition on Growth and Potassium Uptake and Utilization Efficiency of Hemp

为研究大麻生长的钾营养特性及其最适需钾量,笔者以‘云麻1号’为试验材料,采用水培法研究不同钾营养处理下大麻的生长特性、干物质和钾离子的积累与分配以及钾利用效率。结果表明:2.0 mmol/L钾处理的大麻株高、茎粗、叶面积和根冠比等生长指标达最佳水平;随施钾量的增加,钾利用效率和SOD活性降低,叶绿素含量升高,蔗糖含量和蔗糖酶活性先升高后降低;大麻干物质和钾离子的积累量均在2.0 mmol/L钾处理下达最大值,在各器官的分配为:茎>叶>根。综上可知,在本试验条件下,2.0 mmol/L的钾浓度最适宜大麻生长。

In order to study potassium nutrition feature and the optimum potassium content,‘Yunma 1’wasused as test material, the growth characteristic, dry matter, the accumulation and distribution of potassium ion,and the utilization efficiency of potassium under different potassium levels were studied through the method ofwater culture. The results showed that the growth indexes of hemp such as plant height, stem diameter, leafarea and root/shoot ratio reached the optimal level under 2.0 mmol/L potassium treatment. With the increase ofthe application amount of potassium, the potassium utilization efficiency and SOD activity of hemp decreased,while the content of chlorophyll increased, the content of sucrose and the activity of sucrose increased at firstand then decreased. The dry matter and potassium accumulation amount of hemp reached the maximum levelunder 2.0 mmol/L potassium treatment, and the potassium distribution in hemp organs was in an order asstem〉 leaf〉 root. In conclusion, the optimal concentration of potassium for hemp growth and developmentunder this experimental condition was 2.0 mmol/L.