基于废弃聚氨酯泡沫为碳源的膨胀型阻燃EVA的燃烧性能

Combustion properities of intumescent flame retardant EVA composites based on waste polyurethane as carbon source

以废弃聚氨酯泡沫(WPU)为碳源、聚磷酸铵(APP)为酸源和气源、乙烯-乙酸乙烯共聚物(EVA)为基体树脂制备EVA/WPU/APP复合材料,并采用极限氧指数仪、垂直燃烧仪、锥形量热仪、烟密度测试仪研究了WPU与APP的配比对EVA/WPU/APP复合材料燃烧性能和生烟量的影响。结果表明:EPA3[w(WPU),w(APP)分别为12%,18%]与EPA4[w(WPU),w(APP)分别为6%,24%]的极限氧指数分别为28.8%,29.8%,且UL94测试均达V-0级。与其他试样相比,EPA3的热释放速率、总释放热等均最低。点火条件下,EPA4的比光密度最高;而未点火条件下,WPU不能提高EVA/WPU/APP复合材料的比光密度。

Ethylene-vinyl acetate（EVA）/waste polyurethane（WPU）/ammonium polyphosphate（APP）composites were prepared based on WPU as carbon source,APP as acid source and air source and EVA as resin matrix. The effects of the ratio of WPU to APP on flammable properties and smoke production properties of the EVA/WPU/APP composites were studied by limiting oxygen index（LOI）,vertical burning test（UL 94）,cone calorimeter test（CCT）and smoke density test（SDT）. The results show that the LOI of EPA3 containing 12% of WPU and 18% of APP by mass and EPA4 with 6% of WPU and 24% of APP by mass are 28.8% and 29.8% respectively;and they both pass the UL 94 test,which reach V-0 level. The heat release rate,total heat release,etc. of EPA3 are the lowest compared with those of the other samples. EPA4 has the highest specific optical density in the ignition condition,while WPU can not increase the specific optical density of the EVA/WPU/APP composites in the non ignition condition.