“上去”“下去”作补语时的虚化机制及分布搭配——以意象图式分析

The Mechanism of Grammaticalization and Collocation of“Shangqu”(上去)and“Xiaqu”(下去)When Used as Complements:Analysis by the Image Schema Theory

"上去""下去"作为趋向补语,前人在结构主义传统语法的建构下,已经从动作方向,语义虚化中进行了比较详尽的解释。意义实在、表达动作方向的搭配如"扔上去""丢下去",意义不实在、虚化的搭配如"笑下去""看上去"。笔者结合前人的观点,将从认知角度范畴中的意象图式出发,结合原型范畴理论和隐喻的观点,试对"上去""下去"作补语时所出现的条件和搭配做出认知上的分析,揭示其趋向虚化的机制以及虚化的不平衡性。

Under the structuralism of traditi （上去）and ＂Xiaqu＂ （下去）from the directions used as directional complement. For example, ＇ onal grammar, former scholars have explained the words ＂Shangqu＂ of act and the semantic grammaticalization in detail when they are ＇Reng Shangqn＂ （扔上去） and ＂Diu Xiaqu＂ （丢下去） are content words and express the direction of act; ＂Xiao Xiaqu＂（笑下去） and ＂Kan Shangqu＂（看上去） are semantic weakening. Combining these former views, we will discuss the conditions of existence and collocations of these two words as complement in the cognitive way, especially using the Image Schema Theory as well as the Prototype Theory and the view of metaphor, to reveal the mechanism and imbalance of grammaticalization.