蒸气云爆炸在控制室抗爆强度计算上的应用

APPLICATION OF VAPOR CLOUD EXPLOSION TO THE ANTIKNOCK STRENGTH CALCULATION IN CONTROL ROOM

针对山东液化烃综合利用项目场地有限,MTBE装置与中心控制室邻近布置的特点,对MTBE装置醚化反应器进料管线发生泄漏事故进行分析。运用CASST-QRA软件模拟计算碳四泄漏引发蒸气云爆炸的破坏范围,并结合挪威船级社软件PHAST中的Baker-strehlow模型定量计算蒸气云爆炸冲击波、冲量平面与立面分布,分析对周边重要建筑——中心控制室的影响,依据计算结果指导中心控制室的抗爆设计强度。工程设计阶段运用国内外先进软件进行事故模拟计算,不但可以指导总平面布置,而且还为后期施工图设计提供了基础数据,有助于保障新建项目的本质安全。

The project space of Shandong Comprehensive Utilization of Liquefied Hydrocarbon Project is limited and the MTBE unit is adjacent to the central control room. According to these characteristics,this paper makes an analysis on the leakage accident occurred in the feed pipeline of etherification reactor in the MTBE unit. It applies CASST-QRA software to simulate the range of the destruction of the vapor cloud explosion caused by C4 leakage. Combining with the Baker-strehlow model of PHAST software of Det Norske Vertitas,the paper also makes a quantitative calculation of the shock wave,pulse distribution of plane and elevation of the vapor cloud explosion. It analyzes the impacts of these factors on the central control rooms of the important surrounding buildings. Based on the calculation,the antiknock design strength of the central control rooms are determined. During the engineering design stage,advanced software at home and abroad is applied to make accident simulation. This can not only guide the general layout,but also provide basic data for post-construction drawing design,which is helpful to ensure the intrinsic safety of the new project.