军国主义阴魂不散的深刻思想根源——明治维新后日本侵华思想的发展与演变

The Deep Ideological Causes Behind the Lingering Militarism——The Evolution of the Japanese Thought on Invasion of China after the Meiji Restoration

日本军国主义侵华思想演变过程是与"大陆政策"的演进及实施互动发展的。从发展历程来看,随着对于西方列强"弱肉强食"侵略行为的认同,日本从昔日"存华挫狄论"向"得失互偿论"转变。同时,日本明治维新实施的"富国强兵"政策,进一步激发了军国主义侵华思想的膨胀与发展。日本完全无视几千年的睦邻友好关系,力图仿效西方列强的做法侵略中国等亚洲邻国。从"脱亚论"到"大陆政策"构想,日本政府则寻找到了发动军国主义侵华战争的现实主义理由和行动依托。从对华"二十一条"到"田中奏折",日本军国主义的"利益线理论"彻底转变为全面侵华的具体战争行动。

The evolution of the Japanese militarist thought on aggression against China interacted with the evolution and implementation of the ＂continental policy＂. Looking back on the history as Japan gradually identified itself with the ＂law of the jungle＂ aggression by the Western powers, it shifted away from the former theory of ＂uniting with China to fight the Western invaders＂ toward the theory of ＂compensating the losses at the hands of the West with gains in China＂. At the same time, the ＂rich nation, strong army＂ policy implemented during the Meiji Restoration further encouraged the militarist thought on invasion of China. Japan completely ignored its thousands years of good-neighbor relations with China, and tried to follow the suit of the Western powers to invade China and other Asian neighbors. The ＂breaking away from Asia＂ theory and the ＂continental policy＂ provided the Japanese government with the reason and action plan for launching a war of aggression against China. With the ＂Twenty-One Demands＂ and the ＂Tanaka Memorial＂, the Japanese militarists completely put into practice its ＂line of benefit theory＂ and waged a full-scale war against China.