甜樱桃果实采后病原菌的分离鉴定及其生物学特性研究

Isolation,identification and biological characteristics of pathogenic bacteria for sweet cherry

为研究危害采后甜樱桃果实的病原菌,以‘拉宾斯’甜樱桃果实为试材,对低温贮藏过程中的病原菌进行分离鉴定,并对其生物学特性进行初步研究。根据病原菌形态学特征和18S r DNA序列分析结果将2个病原菌鉴定为子囊菌亚门锤舌菌纲柔膜菌目核盘菌科核盘菌(Sclerotinia sclerotiorum)和子囊菌亚门粪壳菌纲肉座菌亚纲肉座菌目生赤壳科螺旋聚孢霉属(Clonostachys sp.)。核盘菌菌丝在以牛肉膏为氮源的SDA培养基、20℃、p H=5.0及黑暗条件下生长最好,产孢量最佳条件为以乳糖为碳源,牛肉膏为氮源的SDA培养基,30℃、p H=7.0,黑暗环境;螺旋聚孢霉菌丝在以硝酸钾为氮源的SDA培养基、30℃、p H=6.0及光照条件下生长最好,产孢量最佳条件为20℃、p H=6.0,光照培养。

For further research on the main pathogenic bacteria of post-harvest sweet cherry fruit（cv.Labinsi）,the pathogenic bacteria was isolated,identified in low temperature storage and their biological characteristics were studied. According to the characters of morphology and sequences analysis of 18 S r DNA,the pathogenic bacteria was Pezizomycotina Leotiomycetes Helotiales Sclerotiniaceae Sclerotinia sclerotiorum and Pezizomycotina Sordariomycetes Hypocreomycetidae Hypocreales Bionectriaceae Clonostachys sp.. SDA medium with beef extract as nitrogen source,20 ℃,p H =5.0 and dark condition were the best for mycelia growth of Sclerotinia sclerotiorum. lactose as carbon source,beef extract as nitrogen source,30 ℃,p H=7.0 and dark condition were the best for spore production. SDA medium with KNO3 as nitrogen source,30 ℃,p H=6.0were the best for mycelia growth of Clonostachys sp.,20 ℃,p H=6.0 and light condition were the best for spore production.