中国城镇自雇者教育收益率研究——基于CHIP数据的经验分析

The Return to Education of the Self-employed in Urban China:An Empirical Analysis Based on the CHIPs Data

利用中国住户收入项目调查(CHIP)数据和OLS与Heckit法,对中国城镇自雇者教育收益率进行实证研究。结果表明:自雇者总体和不同教育层级的教育收益率呈明显上升态势;Heckit法估计的自雇者教育收益率高于OLS法;女性自雇者教育收益率明显高于男性自雇者;初中和高中自雇者的教育收益率高于相同学历的工资雇佣者,这一定程度上体现了对自雇者企业家精神的"奖励";中职及中专学历自雇者的教育收益率明显低于相同学历的工资雇佣者;拥有大专及以上学历的自雇者的教育收益率高于对应学历的工资雇佣者;不同教育层级自雇者的教育收益差距逐步扩大。

Using CHIP1995-2008 data, OLS and Heckit methods, this article researched on rate of return to education of self-employed in China urban areas, and found that, the trend of the return to education of self-employed was increasing, both in terms of general education and different levels of education. The rate of return to education of female self-employed was much higher than male self- employed＇s. With the exception of vocational secondary education, the rate of return to education of selfemployed with other different levels of education was higher than the wage-employed＇s, which reflected the return to entrepreneurship of the self-employed to some degree. The gap of rate of return to education of self-employed with different levels of education was enlarging.