普通教育和职业教育对全要素生产率的影响——基于空间动态面板数据

Effect of General Education and Vocational Education on TFP:Based on the Spatial Dynamic Panel Data

构建空间动态面板模型,运用空间纠正系统GMM法研究了普通教育和职业教育对全要素生产率(TFP)的影响,研究发现,不同层次普通教育和职业教育与TFP均存在空间自相关,TFP存在空间溢出效应,相邻省域TFP有趋同之势;普通教育和职业教育均提高了TFP,职业教育作用略大,前者主要通过促进技术进步提高了TFP,后者主要通过改进技术效率提高了TFP,其中普通高等、中等教育对TFP的促进作用分别低于高等、中等职业教育,普通初等和初等职业教育均不利于TFP提高;分区域看,东部地区普通教育对TFP的促进作用大于职业教育,中西部地区与之相反,东、中、西部地区对TFP促进作用最大的分别是普通高等教育、高等职业教育、中等职业教育,三个地区普通初等和初等职业教育均不利于TFP提高。

Constructing the spatial dynamic panel model, this paper uses the spatial correction system GMM empirically study effect of general education and vocational education on TFP, and found that general education, vocational education and their different levels and TFP are spatial autocorrelation, TFP exists spatial spillover effects, adjacent provincial TFP has convergent trend; general education and vocational education have improved the TFP, the effect of vocational education has slightly larger, the former mainly has improved the TFP by promoting technological progress, the latter mainly has improved the TFP by promoting technological efficiency, the effect of general higher and secondary education has respectively lower than ordinary higher and secondary vocational education, general elementary education and elementary vocational education are not conducive to enhance TFP; from a regional perspective, the effect of general education on TFP is larger than the vocational education in eastern area, the central and western areas are in contrast, the largest effects are respectively general higher education, higher vocational education and secondary vocational education in eastern area, central and western areas, general elementary education and elementary vocational education are not conducive to enhance TFP in the three areas.