汽车用铝合金冲压成形性能研究

Study of Stamping Formability of Aluminum Alloy for Automobile

以5754和6061两种铝合金为对象,研究了这两种汽车用铝合金冲压成形性能。从两种铝合金的应力—应变曲线看,5754铝合金只适用于制造汽车车身的内板材料,而6061铝合金更适用于汽车中对表面质量要求高的外覆盖件;6061铝合金的断裂方式与5754铝合金的断裂方式相似,均为韧性断裂。从金相组织看,5754和6061铝合金在拉深断裂后晶粒都出现了伸长现象,在5754铝合金晶间出现少量的蠕变裂纹,而在6061铝合金晶内和晶间都存在明显的裂纹。5754铝合金的拉深性能要优于6061铝合金的拉深性能。

Taking two aluminum alloys of 5754 and 6061 as the object, the stamping formabilities of two kinds of automotive aluminum alloy were studied. From two kinds of aluminum alloys stress-strain curves, 5754 aluminum alloy is suitable for the inter plate in the automobile, while, 6061 aluminum alloy is suitable for the cover board which is strict for the quality of aluminum alloy; the fracture ways for 5754 and 6061 alloy are similar, which are ductile fracture ways. From the microstructure, the grains of 5754 and 6061 aluminum alloys are all prolonged after the drawing fracture, and there are a small quantity of creeping cracks in the 5754 aluminum alloy intergranular, while there are obvious cracks in 6061 aluminum alloy intracrystalline and intergranule.The drawing property of 5754 aluminum alloy is better than that of 6061 aluminum alloy.