民国时期农村负债问题研究——以20世纪30年代的陕西关中为考察中心

Research on Rural Debt Problem during the Period of the Republic of China: Focused on Guanzhong Region of Shaanxi Province in the 1930s

从20世纪30年代中国农户的平均负债率、负债额及债务占家庭资产的比率来看,当时中国农村经济并没有破产或崩溃。但是,以生活性消费支出为主而造成的农户负债,又深刻说明当时农村经济处于低水平运行的状态。农村的各类借贷组织中,除信用合作社外,其他均对活跃经济的意义微小。要解决农村金融问题,必须确立现代金融体系,使农村动产、不动产可以资本化。而这一点,对于当今社会发展尤其解决三农问题,有一定的参考意义。

It can be found that the Chinese rural economy wasn＇t bankrupt from the farmers＇ average debt rati- o, debt and the ratio of debt and family assets in the 1930s, However, the household debt based on the living was the main cause of debt, which indicated a low level of rural economy. All kinds of rural lending groups didn＇t play an active role in invigorating economy except for credit cooperatives. If we want to solve the prob- lem of rural finance, a modem financial system which makes the rural real property and personal property capitalized must be established. That is a positive value to solving the agriculture problems and today＇s social development.