基于效率提升的我国公共产品多元供给探析

Analysis on the Plural Supply for Public Goods of China Based on the Efficiency Improvement

在古典经济学框架下,公共产品所具有的非排他性与非竞争性特征,使得公共产品的供给存在着市场失灵,由此得出结论便是政府应当是公共产品单一供给主体,这即是古典经济学关于公共产品理论的逻辑起点。但是,公共产品供给同样存在着政府失灵,表现为供给的低效率与运作的低效率。运用公共产品理论、公共选择理论、交易成本理论以及委托代理理论,在对目前我国公共产品供给困境分析的基础上,提出公共产品多元供给思路,形成政府与市场在经济上的分工与合作关系,实现公共产品市场的资源优化配置,提高公共产品供给效率,最终实现公众效用的最大化以及整个社会福利的最大化。

Under the framework of the classical economy, the traits of non - competitiveness and non - exclu- siveness possessed by the public goods causes the market failure for the supply of the public goods, and the conclusion that the government should be the single - subject for the public goods supply can be drew naturally, which is the logical starting point for the public goods theory in classical economy. However, likewise the government failure actually exists for the public goods supply, specifically the low supply and operation effi- ciency. Through the use of the public goods theory, public option theory, trade cost theory and commission theory, on the basis of the analysis on the problem of the supply dilemmas for public goods, this paper aims to propose public plural supply thinking so as to form the relation of work in operation with a due division of labor and realize the optimum distribution of resources with the improvement of the public goods supply efficiency, and eventually the maximization of the public utility and the social welfare.