贵州省红托竹荪菌蛋烂皮病的发生与防治

Occurrence of Bark-rot Disease on Dictyophora rubrovalvata and Its Prevention in Guizhou Province

2012年～2013年先后对贵州贵定县铁厂乡、平塘、龙里三地农户发生红托竹荪菌（Dictyophora rubrovol-vata）蛋烂皮病的菌棚气温、相对湿度、土壤温度、土壤水分、虫害、覆土土壤及栽培原料处理等进行了调查分析，以无病害棚作为对比，发现该病害发生的主要原因是在红托竹荪菌形成菌蛋阶段，菌棚内温度（30．0℃～37．1℃）较棚外气温高2℃～7℃。菌棚35℃以上高温、空气相对湿度85％以上，持续8h以上容易引起菌蛋病害。建议在形成菌蛋期间加强菌棚通风换气、调温调湿管理，严防菌棚温度过高，湿度过大，进而有效地预防菌蛋烂皮病发生。

By the investigation and analysis of the fungus egg bark-rot disease on Dictyophora rubrovalvata in Guizhou province, the causes and conditions of disease occurrence were found. At the formation stage of the fungus egg, the high temperature of greenhouse led to the lowered immune function of the fungus egg, and caused the fungus egg lesions and suffers exotic germ infection. When the temperature of shed cultivation was above 35℃ and relative humidity was above 85% which continued at least for 4 h, they easily caused the fungus egg heat injury. The prevention measures were that we should strengthen ventilation of greenhouse, adjustment of temperature and humidity and prevent hot and humid environment of greenhouse at the formation stage of the fungus egg. These measures can effectively prevent the bark-rot disease occurrence of the fungus egg.