H_2S对油气管材的腐蚀及防护研究综述

Review on H_2S Corrosion of Oil Gas Tubing and Its Protection

随着石油天然气工业的迅速发展,酸性气体引起的油气管材腐蚀问题日益突出,尤其是H2S引起的腐蚀广泛存在,严重影响着油气开采及输送管道和炼制加工设备的使用寿命。综述了H2S对油气管材腐蚀的机理、影响因素及防护方法,探讨了温度、H2S分压、p H值、流速、Cl-浓度、CO2分压及管材材质等因素对H2S腐蚀的影响,建立了H2S腐蚀速率预测模型并对其进行了相关分析,对H2S腐蚀防护方法进行了评述。最后,简述了H2S腐蚀的研究现状及发展趋势。

With the rapid development of petroleum and gas industry,the corrosion problem of oil gas tubing caused by acidic gas becomes increasingly prominent,especially the H2 S corrosion phenomenon is widespread,which affects the service life of pipelines of oil and gas exploitation and transportation as well as the refining processing equipment. This paper systematically summarized the mechanism,main influencing factors and protection methods of H2 S corrosion of oil gas tubing,and the effects of temperature,H2 S partial pressure,PH,flow rate and concentration of Cl-,CO2 partial pressure as well as pipe materials on H2 S corrosion were also discussed. H2 S corrosion rate prediction model was established and analyzed. Protection methods against H2 S corrosion were reviewed as well. Finally,this paper briefly described the current research situation and development trend of H2 S corrosion.