护理人员心理资本和社会支持与心理健康之间关系的研究

Research on the relationship between the caregiver psychological capital,social support and mental health

目的探讨护理人员社会支持、心理资本与心理健康之间的关系。方法应用整群随机抽样方法,于2014年4-10月,随机抽取辽宁省6家三级甲等医院工龄≥1a的护理人员720名。用心理资本问卷、社会支持评定量表和精神症状自评量表进行问卷调查。结果自我效能、希望、韧性及乐观得分分别为(3.73±0.58)、(3.51±0.67)、(3.64±9.59)和(3.68±0.34)分,各维度得分均在中点之上,各维度之间进行协方差分析,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。SCL-90的各因子与心理资本均呈负相关(P<0.05或P<0.01),SCL-90部分因子与社会支持呈负相关(P<0.05)。结论护理人员的心理资本与其心理健康密切相关,而社会支持对其心理健康的影响不明显。

Objective To explore the relationship between social support,psychological capital and mental health among nurses.Methods The cluster random sampling method was applied,720 nurses who worked for more than 1years in 6hospitals of Liaoning Province were randomly selected Psychological capital questionnaire,Social Support Rating Scale and Symptom Checklist questionnaire were used in the study.Results Scores of self-efficacy,hope,tenacity and optimism were（3.73 ± 0.58）,（3.51 ± 0.67）,（3.64 ± 9.59）and（3.68±0.34）points,respectively.The dimensions scores were above the midpoint with statistically significance（P〈0.05）throughthe various dimensions covariance analysis.There was a negative correlation between each factor of SCL-90 and psychological capital（P〈0.05 or P〈0.01）,and between part of the factors SCL-90 and social support（P〈0.05）.Conclusions Nurses psychological capital and mental health are closely related,and social support is not obvious impact on their mental health.