高等学校的人才培养

Talent Cultivation in Colleges and Universities

高等教育是学生从家庭人成为社会人的转换器,目标是培养社会需要的高级专门人才。本文从高级专门人才的构成要素——知识、技能和思维入手,分析了它们的培养规律差异,指出不能单用知识传授的规律来代替技能和思维训练的规律,并进一步探讨了知识、能力、素质的内涵及其相互关系。之后,界定了通识教育和专业教育选择、理论教学和实践教学搭配的教育思想依据,提出一定要通过结构化的课程安排来实现高等学校的人才培养规格要求。最后,概况出"专业课堂+实践活动+文化环境"的高校育人模式,以及"理论学习+实践锻炼"的学生成长途径,进而归纳出大学生活需要加强修为、身体力行的几个着力点。

Higher education is a converter changing students from families＇ members to social beings and the goal of higher education is to train senior professionals of social needs. This article analyzes their training regulations differences from the elements of the senior specialized talents-knowledge, skills and thinking. It points out that we cannot use the rule of knowledge instruction instead of the training law of skills and thinking alone, and it has a further discussion about the interactive relationships among knowledge, competency and quality. After defining the choice be- tween general education and professional education, the basis of educational thought between theory and practice teaching, it has been proposed to achieve the higher education personnel training specifications requirements should be through the structured curriculum arrangement. Finally,it summarizes the high education mode＂professional class ＋ practice ＋ cuhural environment＂, and the students growth pathway ＂theory learning ＋ practice participation＂, and further puts forward the need to strengthen the cultivation discipline, encourage several focus on practice during college life.