肺活量和用力肺活量评估COPD患者气道受限的程度

Significance of vital capacity and forced vital capacity in evaluation of degree of airway limited in stable COPD patients

目的探讨慢肺活量(VC)和用力肺活量(FVC)在评估稳定期COPD患者气道受限程度中的意义。方法选取2011年7月至2014年8月在我院治疗的稳定期COPD患者243例,同期选取体检中心进行体检的健康者120例,利用肺功能仪对所有患者肺功能进行检测。结果 COPD患者VC-FVC显著高于健康者,FVC/VC低于健康者,且FEV1、FEV1%pred和FEV1/FVC亦低于健康者,差异均具有统计学意义(P<0.05);Pearson相关分析显示,COPD患者VC-FVC与FEV1%pred和FEV1/FVC均呈负相关(r=-0.223和-0.384,均P<0.05),FVC/VC与FEV1%pred呈正相关(r=0.493,P<0.05);1级和2级COPD患者VC-FVC显著低于3级和4级COPD患者,而FVC/VC和FEV1%pred则高于3级和4级COPD患者,差异均具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论 VC和FVC在稳定期COPD患者中出现差异,VC-FVC与患者气道受限严重程度呈正相关,而FVC/VC则呈负相关,可作为气道受限程度的辅助评估指标。

Objective To investigate the significance of slow vital capacity and forced vital capacity in evaluation the degree of airway limited in stable COPD patients. Methods Totally 243 cases of patients with stable COPD treated in our hospital were selected from July 2011 to August 2014. In the same time,120 cases of healthy were selected from physical examination center. The lung functions of all patients were tested by pulmonary function instrument. Results In COPD patients,VC- FVC was significantly higher than the healthy persons,FVC / VC was less than the healthy persons,and FEV1,FEV1% pred and FEV1 / FVC were all lower than healthy subjects,the differences were all statistically significant（ P〈 0. 05）. Pearson correlation analysis showed,in COPD patients,VC- FVC was negatively correlated with FEV1% pred and FEV1 / FVC（ r =- 0. 223 and- 0. 384,all P 〈0. 05）,and FVC / VC was positively correlated with FEV1% pred（ r = 0. 493,P〈 0. 05）. The VC- FVC in level 1 and level 2 COPD patients was significantly lower than level 3 and level 4 COPD patients,and FVC / VC and FEV1% pred were higher than level 3 and level 4 COPD patients,the differences were statistically significant（ P 〈0. 05）. Conclusion VC and FVC in patients with stable COPD were difference. VC- FVC was positively correlated with the severity of the patient＇s airway limitation,and FVC /VC was negative correlation. They could be used as auxiliary evaluation index in the degree of airway limited.