福州市极端高温天气多时间尺度变化特征

On Multi-time Scale's Characteristics of Extreme Maximum Temperature Variations in Fuzhou City

基于福州测站1953—2012年逐日最高气温观测数据,综合运用线性趋势法、Morlet小波分析和MannKendall非参数检验分析了福州市极端高温天气的多时间尺度变化及突变特征。结果表明:60年来福州市年均高温日数为28.1天,高温日平均最高气温为36.2℃,且高温指数整体呈"上升—下降—上升"的趋势;具有明显的年际和年代际变化,其中1980年以来高温频数明显增加,7、8月是高温的频发期;高温日数和高温日平均最高气温时间序列分别存在准18年和准23年的主周期,同时存在10年、6年左右及12年、7年左右的振荡周期,且增温突变发生在1987年。

Based on the daily highest temperature data of meteorological station in Fuzhou city from 1953 to 2012, linear trend, Morlet wavelet analysis, and Mann-Kendall mutation test methods are used to analyze the multi-time scale variations and jump features of the extreme high temperature weather. The results show that： over 60 years, the mean annual High Tem- perature Days （HTDs） are 28. 1 and the Mean Daily Highest Temperature （MDHT） during annual HTDs is 36.2℃, and the changes of the HTDs and MDHT show an increasing-decrea- sing-increasing trend entirely. There were distinct inter-annual and inter-decadal changes, with an obvious increasing since 1980, and its July and August had the largest frequency of occur- rence. The primary cycle of HTDs and MDHT were quasi-18a or quasi-23a, and oscillating with a cycle of about 10a, 6a and 12a, 7a. The warming mutation was found in 1987.