内蒙古地区支气管哮喘常见过敏原的调查分析

Clinical analysis of common allergens of bronchial asthma in Inner Mongolia region

目的研究内蒙古地区支气管哮喘（简称哮喘）患者常见过敏原，探讨其临床意义。方法选取2014年6～12月，内蒙古自治区人民医院呼吸内科110例哮喘患者（I组），内蒙古呼和浩特市第一医院和内蒙古国际蒙医医院慢性支气管炎患者55例（Ⅱ组），采用酶联免疫法检测血清IgE水平，探讨本地区哮喘患者的常见过敏原。结果I组蒿／矮豚草／蓓草、柏榆柳枫杨胡桃的IgE阳性率明显高于Ⅱ组，且I组中6～9月份IgE阳性率明显高于10～12月份，有明显季节性。结论在夏～秋季节提前对蒿／矮豚草／薇草、柏榆柳枫杨胡桃等常见过敏原进行脱敏，对于预防哮喘复发具有重要的临床意义。

Objective To analyze the common allergens of bronchial asthma （asthma） in Inner Mongolia region,and investigate the clinical significance. Methods From June to December in 2014,110 cases with asthma in acute episode phase were chosen as group Ⅰ ,55 cases with chronic bronchitis were chosen as group Ⅱ. Using enzyme linked immunosorbent assay （ELISA） to detect the concentration of serum IgE, the common allergens of asthma in the region were explored. Results In group Ⅰ , the IgE positive rate of Artemisia/short ragweed/Humulus scandens and Bai/Yu/Liu/Pterocarya stenoptera/ Walnut were significantly higher than that in group Ⅱ. Moreover,in group Ⅰ , the IgE positive rate from June to September was significantly higher than from October to December, showing obvious seasonal characteristics. Conclusions These results suggest that desensitization of these common allergens beforehand in the summer autumn season may be critical in the prevention of the recurrence of asthma.