肺脏免疫平衡的研究进展

The research progress of respiratory immune balance

经呼吸道进入肺脏的外来抗原时刻挑战着机体的免疫系统，而肺脏却能处于一种相对的免疫平衡状态，表明肺脏具有精细的免疫调节功能。目前，伴随着经济飞速发展，我国的环境污染情况日益恶化，其中雾霾问题尤为突出。其后果将直接打破肺脏免疫平衡，造成肺脏免疫失衡相关疾病发病率的攀升。因而研究各种免疫细胞，细胞因子及exosomes在维持肺脏免疫耐受过程中所发挥的作用、肺脏免疫紊乱与相关疾病以及目前重建肺脏免疫平衡的方法为肺免疫失衡相关疾病的治疗提供新的思路具有现实意义。

A vast quantity of environmental antigens settle upon the respiratory mucosal surface and challenge the immune system, but respiratory immune system always maintain a dynamic balance. This phenome- non suggests that there are fine regulations in respiratory immune system. Currently ,with the rapid economic development, Chinese environmental problem is deteriorating, among which fog and haze problem is particularly compelling. This will directly break the respiratory immune balance and result in the increased incidence of diseases related with respiratory immune imbalance. In order to provide new ideas for the treatment of respiratory diseases caused by imbalance of immune system, we review here the recent study about the effect of various immune cells, cytokines, and exosomes in the maintenance of respiratory immune tolerance, respiratory immune disorders and the related diseases, and the methods of reconstruction of the respiratory immune balance.