浅谈中药四性量化研究

Introduction of the Quantitative Study on the Four Properties of Medicinal Herbs

文章就中药四性理论的渊源与发展及现代化研究状况进行简要分析。认为中药四性判别是抽象药性、功能药性、向位药性、配伍药性、方剂药性、形性药性等结合的结果,其药理作用具有多效、复杂、双向调节及整体平衡的特点,故不能一味采取某种方法或指标的一元性研究方法。目前关于中药四性的研究存在四性物质基础与生物效应研究分离、忽视复方寒温属性研究、局限于寒热两性的研究、重视单类药性药物的药效学评价同时忽略四性比较、实验研究与临床研究脱离等问题,应在传统中医药理论指导下,从性、效、量各层面寻求药性判别指标。

The brief analysis was done on the origin, development and modernization study on the four property theory of medicinal herbs in the paper. It was viewed that the judgment of the four properties of medicinal herbs resulted from the combination of medicinal abstract property, medicinal functional property, medicinal orientation property, medicinal compatibility, medicinal prescription and medicinal appearance. The pharmacological effects were characterized as multi - efficacy, complex, dual adjustment and holistic balance. Hence, the single - factor analytic study cannot be adopted with only one method or index adopted. In the cur- rent study of the four properties of medicinal herbs ,the substantial basis of four properties was separately from the biological effect, the study on the compound cold and warm properties was ignored;instead, the study was just limited on either cold or heat property. The pharmacodynamic evaluation was simply focused on the prop- erty of single category,without the comparison among the four properties. Additionally, the experimental study was separated from the clinical study. It is required to seek the index identification of medicinal property in terms of the quality, effect and quantity under the guide of Chinese medicine theory.