行政无为问责:一种亟待制度化的权力监督

Administrative Inactivity Accountability: Power Supervision in Urgent Need of Being Institutionalized

在整治"行政不当行为"的同时,需要对"行政不作为"或说"行政无为"有清醒识别,实施行政无为问责应是一条重要途径。行政无为比行政作为更难以界定,行政无为的责任亦难权衡,但如果没有行政无为问责,就可能无法很好推进行政问责制度。行政无为问责可以理解为问责主体针对行政机构及公职人员应当作为却无所作为而产生不良后果,并要求其承担相应责任的做法。明晰行政无为问责的主体、客体、程序与具体责任,有助于行政无为问责制度化,真正发挥其监督功能。

In tackling the problem of “administrative wrongdoing,”governments need to have clear consciousness about“ad-ministrative nonfeasance”or“administrative inactivity.”Administrative inactivity accountability could be an important way out. It is harder to define administrative inactivity than administrative activity. Neither can it be easy to balance the responsibility of administrative inactivity. But if there is no administrative inactivity accountability, administrative accountability system may en-counter barriers on its way. Administrative activity accountability can be understood as accountability supervising body asking administrations or civil servants to bear the responsibility when they should be active but fail to be. Demarcating the supervising body, the supervised, the procedure and responsibility of administrative inactivity accountability is helpful for institutionalizing administrative inactivity accountability, making it possible for it to bring into play its supervising function.