季节·胎次与年单产水平对荷斯坦牛受胎率的影响

Effects of Different Seasons,Parity and Annual Unit Yield on the Conception Rate of Holstein Cows

[目的]为提高芜湖地区荷斯坦牛的受胎率提供参考依据。[方法]基于奶牛场多年生产记录,研究不同季节、胎次与年单产水平对芜湖地区中国荷斯坦奶牛受胎率的影响。[结果]气温对奶牛受胎率有显著影响(P<0.05),而湿度对奶牛受胎率的影响不显著(P>0.05)。胎次和年单产水平对奶牛受胎率有极显著影响(P<0.01)。夏季由于热应激,奶牛的受胎率会明显低于其他季节,秋季的奶牛受胎率最高。胎次越高的奶牛受胎率越低,青年奶牛的受胎率最高;年单产水平越高,奶牛的受胎率越低。[结论]不同季节、胎次与年单产水平对奶牛的受胎率都有影响。

[Objective] The research aimed to provide reference basis for improving the conception rate of Holstein Cows in Wuhu City. [Method] Based on the production records in cow cattle for many years,the effects of different seasons,parity and annual unit yield on the conception rate of Chinese Holstein Cows were studied. [Result]Air temperature had significant effects on the conception rate of dairy cows（ P〈 0. 05）,but humidity had no significant effect on the conception rate of dairy cows（ P 〉0. 05）. The parity and annual unit yield had extremely significant effects on the conception rate of dairy cows（ P〈 0. 01）. The conception rate of dairy cows in summer was obviously lower than that in other seasons because of heat stress. The conception rate of dairy cows in autumn was the highest. The conception rate of dairy cows with higher parity was lower,and the conception rate of young cows was the highest. The higher the annual unit yield was,the conception rate of dairy cows was lower.[Conclusion]Different seasons,parity and annual unit yield had influences on the conception rate of dairy cows.