神经内科医院感染的发生及其相关危险因素分析

Occurrence of hospital infection and associated risk factors analysis in neurology department

目的探讨神经内科医院感染的发生率及其相关危险因素,为预防医院感染提供依据。方法回顾性分析2013年1月~2015年2月我院神经内科863例住院患者的临床资料,分析医院感染的发生率、发生部位及引起感染的危险因素。结果 863例患者中发生医院感染42例,感染率为4.87%;最常见感染部位依次为下呼吸道、泌尿系统、胃肠道、上呼吸道、皮肤组织等,分别占42.85%、30.95%、14.26%、4.76%、2.38%等;年龄≥60岁、烟酒史、住院时间≥3 d、使用抗生素〉3 d、气管插管、机械通气、留置导尿管是神经内科医院感染的危险因素。结论神经内科患者医院感染发生率比较高,以下呼吸道、泌尿系统、胃肠道较为常见;引起医院感染的危险因素比较多且复杂,医院需要对引起医院感染的危险因素进行针对性干预以降低患者的医院感染发生率。

Objective To explore the incidence of hospital infection and related risk factors in department of neurology in order to provide the basis for the prevention of nosocomial infection. Methods From January 2013 to February 2015,clinical data from 863 hospitalized patients in department of neurology of our hospital were retrospectively analyzed.The incidence of hospital infection,location,and risk factors caused infection were analyzed. Results There were 42 out of863 cases occurred with hospital infection,accounting for 4.87%.The infection sites were lower respiratory tract,urinary system,gastrointestinal tract,upper respiratory tract,skin,accounting for 42.85%,30.95%,14.26%,4.76%,2.38% in turn.The risk factors of hospital infection in neurology department included ≥60 years old,history of alcohol and tobacco,≥3 days of hospital stay,3 more days of antibiotics usage,trachea cannula,mechanical ventilation,and indwelling catheter. Conclusion The incidence of hospital infection in patients hospitalized in neurology department is higher commonly seen in lower respiratory tract,urinary system,and gastrointestinal tract.Risk factors causing hospital infection are various and complex.In order to reduce the incidence of hospital infection,interventions targeted on these risk factors by the hospital are necessary.