产科弥散性血管内凝血的研究进展

Research progress of disseminated intravascular coagulation in obstetrics

弥散性血管内凝血(disseminated intravascular coagulation,DIC)是指在某些致病因素作用下,凝血因子和血小板被激活,在微血管内广泛形成微血栓,继而发生消耗性凝血功能障碍和纤溶系统功能亢进的病理过程。主要表现为出血、休克、多系统功能障碍和溶血等。DIC是疾病发展的严重不良阶段,由于产科患者血流动力学的特殊性,更加容易导致DIC的发生。引起产科DIC的因素很多,大多是由于产科合并症和并发症引起,病情发展迅速,母婴病死率较高。该病早预防、早诊断、合理治疗是改善母婴结局的关键。本文综述了产科DIC的病因、发病机制、诊断及治疗的研究进展。

Disseminated intravascular coagulation（DIC） is a pathological process in which certain pathogenic factors result in activation of coagulation factors and platelets, widespread microthrombi in microvessels, consumptive coagulopathy and secondary increased fibrinolytic activity. It is characterized by bleeding, shock, multiple organ dysfunction and hemolytic anemia. As a serious abnormal stage in the development of diseases, DIC is easy to occur due to hemodynamic particularities of obstetric patients. Obstetric DIC can be caused by many factors, mostly due to obstetric complications. It progresses rapidly with high mortality rate of mothers and infants. Early prevention, early diagnosis and reasonable treatment are the keys to improve maternal and perinatal prognosis. This paper reviewed the research progress of etiology, pathogenesis, diagnosis and treatment in obstetric DIC.