3种中草药对断奶仔猪小肠形态学影响的比较研究

Comparison Study on Effects of Three Chinese Herbal Medicine on Intestinal Morphology in Weaning Piglets

本研究旨在比较神曲、麦芽、山楂3种助消化中草药对断奶仔猪小肠不同部位组织形态学的影响。本试验以杜长大三元猪为研究对象,选取40头28日龄、体重为(8.13±1.32)kg断奶仔猪,添加1%的中草药饲喂,分空白组、神曲组、麦芽组、山楂组,每组两个重复,每重复5头,分别在试验第7和14天早晨空腹屠宰取样,经HE染色,200×显微镜下照相,用Image-Pro Plus软件测定小肠各段绒毛高度(VH)、隐窝深度(CD)、肠壁厚度(IWT)、绒毛高度与隐窝深度的比值(V/C)。结果显示,神曲组在回肠段的IWT显著或极显著高于空白组(P<0.05;P<0.01);第7天时山楂组的十二指肠和空肠的VH和IWT均极显著低于空白组(P<0.01),回肠段的IWT和第14天回肠段VH均极显著高于空白组(P<0.01);第7天的麦芽组十二指肠和空肠VH及空肠IWT均极显著低于空白组(P<0.01),第7天的回肠段CD及十二指肠和回肠段IWT均极显著高于空白组(P<0.01)。不同单味中草药对仔猪小肠不同部位组织形态学的影响不同,源于肠道消化物质的功能不同,对十二指肠、空肠、回肠影响最大的分别是麦芽、山楂、神曲。

The objective of this study was to compare the effect of three Chinese herbal medicine（medicated leaven,hawthorn,fructus hordei germinates）on histomorphology of different parts of small intestine in weaning piglets.40 28-day old ternary pigs（Duroc×Landrace×Yorkshire）with the body weight（8.13±1.32）kg were divided into four groups,control group,medicated leaven group,hawthorn group and fructus hordei germinates group,and feeding with 1% Chinese herbal medicine,there were two repeats in each group and each repeat had 5piglets,slaughtering and sampling at 7th and 14 th day morning,respectively,sections were used for HE staining.The staining tissues were taken pictures under a microscope camera（200×）and measured VH,CD,IWT and V/C in different parts of small intestine with Image-Pro Plus.The result showed that the IWH of ileum in medicated leaven group was significantly or extremely significantly higher than control group（P〈0.05;P〈0.01）.The VH and IWT of duodenum and jejunum at 7th day in hawthorn group were extremely significantly lower than control group（P〈0.01）;The IWT of ileum and the VH of ileum at 14 th day were extremely significantly higher than control group（P〈0.01）.In fructus hordei germinates group,the VH of duodenum and jejunum at 7th day and IWT of jejunum were extremely significantly lower than control group（P〈0.01）;The CD of ileum at7 th day,the IWT of duodenum and ileum at 7th day were extremely significantly higher than control group（P〈0.01）.The effects of different simple Chinese herbal medicine on histomorphology of different parts of small intestine in piglets were different,because of the different digestive functions of small intestine,the most effects of Chinese herbal medicine an duodenum,jejunum and ileum were fructus hordei germinates,medicated leaven and hawthorn,respectively.