大学学术治理体系的权力重心定位问题研究

The Position of Power Center in University Academic Governance System

学术权力重心的定位是高校在构建和完善学术治理体系时必须要面对的一个现实问题,其重心应定位于学术决策成本最优的部位,遵循"尽可能消减成本"的原则。现实中,学科因素、政府因素和市场因素是学术决策成本的主要约束变量,前者为内生性变量,后两者为外生性变量。大学发展类型与这些约束变量具有高度的相关性,教学型大学学术治理体系权力重心定位于学校一级比较合理,教学研究型大学定位于学院一级较为合宜,研究型大学比较适宜定位于基层学科一级。

There has been a trend of positioning the center of academic power in the process of building and perfecting academic governance system. Its center should be located in the part which can produce the optimal output with limited academic decision cost. In reality, discipline, government and market are the main factors that affect academic decision cost, the former as endogenous factor and the latter two as exogenous factors. University development type is closely related to the above-mentioned factors. As for teaching oriented universities, the positioning of academic power center at school level is quite reasonable; as for teaching-research oriented universities, the positioning of academic power center at college level is more appropriate; as for research oriented universities, the positioning of academic power center at primary discipline level is more appropriate.