神经外科院内感染的护理管理规范探讨与对策分析

To explore the nursing management specification and analysis the countermeasures of hospital-acquired infection in neurosurgical

目的：通过分析神经外科院内感染的发生率、易感部位、主要病原菌等，探讨提高神经外科护理管理质量的主要措施。方法对我院2013年1月～2014年1月入住神经外科治疗的680例患者进行回顾性分析，将每份患者病历的各项内容逐一登记、分析，汇总结果。结果680例患者中共有78例发生院内感染，发生率为11.47%，其中呼吸道感染发生率为52.60%，是主要感染部位，泌尿道感染发生率为24.40%，手术部位感染发生率为14.10%，血源性感染发生率为9.00%；导致患者院内感染的主要病原菌是金黄色葡萄球菌41.0%、绿脓假单胞菌25.6%、大肠埃希菌18.0%和克雷伯菌15.4%。结论神经外科院内感染发生率高，易感部位和主要病原菌较多，由于手术操作复杂，影响因素众多，有针对性的护理措施是降低院内感染率，提高护理质量的关键。

Objective To analyze the incidence rate, susceptible sites, the main pathogenic bacteria of hospital-acquired infection in neurosurgical and explore the measures of improve the quality of nursing management in the department of neurosurgery. Methods A retrospective analysis of 680 cases in Neurosurgery of our hospital from January 2013 to January 2014, the medical record of every patient was checked in and analyzed, and the results were collected. Results There were 78 cases with nosocomial infection in 680 patients, the incidence rate was 11.47%, the primary site of infection was respiratory tract and the infection rate was 52.60%,the urinary tract infection rate was 24.40%,the operation site infection rate was 14.10%, the blood borne infection rate was 9.00%; the hospital-acquired infection caused by pathogenic bacteria, the main pathogenic bacteria Staphylococcus aureus was 41.0%, the Pseudomonasaeruginosa was 25.6%, the escherichia coli was 18.0% and the klebsiella was 15.4%. Conclusion There has a high incidence of hospital-acquired infection in department of neurosurgery, and have more sites of infection and main pathogenic bacteria, due to the operation is complex and many factors, the targeted nursing measures is the key of reduce the nosocomial infection rate and improve the quality of nursing care.