宁波江北区居民甲状腺结节患病及相关因素分析

Prevalence and related factors of thyroid nodules in Jiangbei District

目的了解江北区居民甲状腺结节的患病情况及其危险因素。方法采用整群随机抽样法调查江北区6岁以上常住居民913人,采用流行病学问卷调查,甲状腺B超检查,异常者进行甲状腺功能检测。并将甲状腺结节阳性者与无病变者进行病例对照研究。结果调查对象甲状腺结节检出率20.70%,女性检出率是男性的1.63倍,差异有统计学意义(P<0.01),随年龄的增长,甲状腺结节检出率有增高的趋势(P<0.01)。病例对照结果:女性、年龄大者、有直系亲属甲状腺疾病史、日均盐碘摄入量(>300ug/L)、TGAb阳性与甲状腺结节的发生密切相关。结论江北区居民甲状腺结节患病率较高,与性别、年龄、饮食生活习惯、碘营养水平有一定关系,应加强病因研究与预防。

Objective To understand the prevalence of thyroid nodules among the residents in Jiangbei district and its risk factors. Methods Using cluster random sampling method, 913 residents over 6 years old were surveyed; thyroid B ultrasound examination was used to diagnose the thyroid nodules, and the abnormal people should also take the test of thyroid function. And the case-control study of thyroid nodules and no positive lesions was taken. Results Thyroid nodules detected rate of objects was 20.70%, the detection rate of female is 1.63 times of male（P 〈0.01）, along with the growth of the age, the detection rate of thyroid nodule increased（P 0.01）. The case-control study showed, women, elder persons,immediate family history of thyroid disease, the average daily salt intake of iodine（300ug/L）, and positive TGAb take closely related to the occurrence of thyroid nodules. Conclusion With the relationship of gender, age, level of iodine nutrition and diet habit, the prevalence of thyroid nodules among the residents of Jiangbei district is high, which needs strengthen research of etiology and prevention.