试论《原机启微》理论本于《脾胃论》学说

Discussion on Yuan Ji Qi Wen( 《原机启微》Revealing the Mystery of the Origin of Eye Diseases) based on Pi Wei Lun( 《脾胃论》On Spleen and Stomach)

元末明初倪维德所著《原机启微》是中医眼科发展史上一部有划时代意义的专著,该书以阴阳脏腑经络为基础,将六淫、七情、劳逸饥饱等病因详细分析,将眼部疾病提纲挈领的归纳为十八类。纵观《原机启微》一书,秉承了《脾胃论》的学说,如《原机启微》论治眼病,从病因病机、辨证用药,到服药方法、将养摄生,无不体现其脾胃观,其本于东垣学说具体又体现在重视固护脾胃、升降浮沉法、因病因时制宜和重视君臣佐使制方及分经随病制方4个方面。

Yuan Ji Qi Wen（《原机启微》Revealing the Mystery of the Origin of Eye Diseases）,writ-ten by Ni Weide,at the end of the Yuan Dynasty and the early Ming Dynasty is the monograph of epoch -making significance in the development history of ophthalmology of traditional Chinese medicine（TCM）. On the basis of yinyang,zangfu,meridian and collateral,the etiologies such as six exogenous pathogenic factors, seven emotional factors,overwork,lack of physical exercise,hunger and overeating are analyzed in detail and the eye disorder is classified systematically into eighteen categories in the book. The outline of this book is in accordance with the theory in Pi Wei Lun（《脾胃论》On Spleen and Stomach）. For example,the treatment of eye disorder is in reference to the theory of spleen and stomach in terms of etiology,pathogenesis,medication based on syndrome differentiation,usage of medicine and healthcare. Four aspects are described more con-cretely in the book,named the protection of spleen and stomach,the methods of ascending,descending,float-ing and sinking,the individual treatment and the formula formation based on the different roles of herbs as well as the meridian involved.