摘要
全球气候变化正在影响着生物、生物群落和生态系统的世界。虽然大多数研究都集中在气候变化的特征，包括未来的气候条件和预测这些条件对生物多样性的影响，这也是气候变化的情况下，改变环境影响的化学污染。未来的气候条件将影响全球分布的化学物质和毒素的化学暴露的生物生态后果。许多与全球气候变暖有关的环境变化（例如，增加平均甚至极端温度；激烈的时期的干燥和潮湿的条件下；降低海洋的pH值；在河口盐度动态改变）有提高机体易感性的化学毒性的潜力。加上，化学暴露自己可能损害生物的应对气候变化的环境条件的变化的能力。这种互惠的气候变化和化学物质之间的相互作用说明了在预测未来气候情景下化学风险的毒理学后果的复杂性。在这里，我们总结了什么是目前已知的气候变化和化学毒性对野生动物的潜在互惠的影响，并描绘了目前的方法和正在进行的挑战，将气候影响化学测试和评估。鉴于新的人造化学物质的快速，准确和快速的方法在一个生态相关的环境评估多种化学和非化学的压力的发展将是至关重要的理解毒性和内分泌干扰化学污染物的影响未来气候情景下[现有生态61（4）：669-689，2015 ]。
Global climate change is impacting organisms, biological communities and ecosystems around the world. While most research has focused on characterizing how the climate is changing, including modeling future climatic conditions and predicting the impacts of these conditions on biodiversity, it is also the case that climate change is altering the environmental impacts of chemical pollution. Future climate conditions are expected to influence both the worldwide distribution of chemicals and the toxi- cological consequences of chemical exposures to organisms. Many of the environmental changes associated with a warming global climate （e.g., increased average - and possibly extreme - temperatures; intense periods of drier and wetter conditions; reduced ocean pH; altered salinity dynamics in estuaries） have the potential to enhance organism susceptibility to chemical toxicity. Addi- tionally, chemical exposures themselves may impair the ability of organisms to cope with the changing environmental conditions of the shifting climate. Such reciprocity in the interactions between climate change and chemicals illustrates the complexity inherent in predicting the toxicological consequences of chemical exposures under future climate scenarios. Here, we summarize what is currently known about the potential reciprocal effects of climate change and chemical toxicity on wildlife, and depict current approaches and ongoing challenges for incorporating climate effects into chemical testing and assessment. Given the rapid pace of new man-made chemistries, the development of accurate and rapid methods to evaluate multiple chemical and non-chemical stressors in an ecologically relevant context will be critical to understanding toxic and endocrine-disrupting effects of chemical pollutants under future climate scenarios [Current Zoology 61 （4）： 669-689, 2015].
