17—18世纪的荷兰-印尼-中国贸易与多元文化交流

The Triangle Trade and the Pluralistic Cultural Exchange Among Holland,Indonesia and China in the 17—18th Centuries

欧亚新航线在16世纪开辟以后,传统的海上丝绸之路延伸到了西欧,给东西方贸易与多元文化交流带来了新的活力和内容。在17—18世纪的东西方贸易与多元文化交流中,欧洲新兴的资本主义国家荷兰发挥了重要作用,其中一个重要的方面是荷兰东印度公司立足印尼的爪哇尤其是巴达维亚(雅加达)与中国开展贸易,巴达维亚(雅加达)在17—18世纪的荷兰—印尼—中国贸易与多元文化交流中具有重要地位。在当时的历史条件下,这种贸易承载了文化交流的内容,开启了荷兰—印尼—中国贸易与多元文化交流尤其是荷兰与中国之间文化交流的进程。17世纪到18世纪上半叶,荷兰人在促进中国与西欧的物质文化交流、把大量茶叶和瓷器输入西欧、影响西欧人的社会生活以及介绍当时的中国国情方面,都发挥了重要的作用。另一方面,由于交往性质和方式的局限以及制度、文化、语言等方面的差异与隔阂,当时荷兰与中国的文化交流受到多种因素制约,精神文化的交流相当有限,尽管荷兰人对中国已有比较多的了解,荷兰在文化上对于中国人来说还是一个陌生的国度。

Since the Europe-Asia Sea Route had been opened up, the traditional Maritime Silk Road extended to Western Europe, which brought new energy and contents to the East-West trade and pluralistic cultural exchange. In the communication of business and pluralistic cultural exchange between the East and West from 17th to 18th century, Holland, an emerging capitalist country, played a special and important role, one important aspect of which was that Holland took the Dutch East India Company as a base located in Java, Indonesia, and conducted trade with China, especially Batavia, which played an important part in promoting the multicultural exchange among Holland, Java （Indonesia） and China. The Dutch played important roles in exporting a great amount of Chinese tea and porcelain, forming the Maritime Tea-Porcelain Road, which influenced the social life of the Dutch and the Europeans and introducing China from 17th century to the first half of 18th century; on the other hand, the cultural exchange between Holland and China had its limitation, especially in the field of spirit cultural; as a result, there were lots of differences in the system, culture, language between Holland and China. Although the Dutch had large amount of knowledge of China, the Dutch culture was unfamiliar to China.