爱沙尼亚露天博物馆及其乡土建筑保护的模式与经验

Estonia Open Air Museum and the Vernacular Dwellings Protection Modes and Experience

爱沙尼亚地处东北欧,位于波罗的海东岸,历史上多次遭受欧洲列强的侵略。爱沙尼亚露天博物馆的建立与其国家主体性和认同感的重塑密切相关,在对本民族文化载体——爱沙尼亚独立发展形成的乡土建筑类型谷仓房的搜集和保护中发挥重要作用。爱沙尼亚露天博物馆在建设过程和管理模式上,对我国建设村寨博物馆、保护乡土建筑和建筑群有借鉴意义。

Estonia is located in the northeast Europe, the east coast of the Baltic Sea. Historically, it repeatedly suffered invasions of European powers. The establishment of Estonia Open Air Museum is closely related to the remodeling of national subjectivity and identity, and plays an important role in collecting and protecting Estonian cultural carriers- barn-dwellings which is the local dwelling-type formed independently in Estonia. The building progress, management modes of Estonia Open Air Museum has special reference to the building of open-air museums and the protection of local dwellings and dwelling- groups in China.