中国参与2030年议程全球伙伴关系的战略思考

On China's Role in Global Partnership Building for the 2030 Agenda

联合国2030年可持续发展议程已基本完成制定工作,关注焦点正转向后续执行和监督,这很大程度上需要强有力的全球伙伴关系加以支持。对中国而言,参与2030年议程的全球伙伴关系意味着对成本与收益的平衡。在收益方面,中国的实力决定了物质性收益较小且领域有限,但在非物质性收益方面可能有较大潜力。相比之下,中国需要为全球伙伴关系贡献更多物质性公共产品,但非物质性特别是思想性公共产品的提供可能会遭到抵制。因此,中国参与全球伙伴关系的获益结构可概括为:物质性成本高于收益,非物质性收益具有较强不确定性。虑及自身发展中国家身份和未来发展的不确定性,中国参与2030年议程全球伙伴关系的战略可以是:在全球性多边论坛作出明确战略承诺,在双边(集体)论坛作出切实的物质承诺,通过倡导2030年议程促进国内全面深化改革。

Given the fact that its basic goal framework has been created, the discussion aboutUN 2030 Agenda for Sustainable development now is moving to global partnership, means of implementation, and follow-up implementation. As a global course, global partnership is key to the means of implementation and follow-up implementation of the 2030 agenda, to which China is expected to contribute greatly. For China, to participate in global partnership generates potential benefits and incurs costs. On one hand, with the rise of China, the physical gains will shrink in the future while non-physical gains have the potential to grow significantly. On the other hand, China is called on to contribute more global public goods in physical terms but not necessarily intellectual ones. In sum, China's cost-benefit balance in participating this global partnership is that physical costs is higher than physical benefits, while non-physical gains are full of uncertainty. Given its developing country identity and the uncertainty in its future development, China's strategy for participating in the global partnership for the 2030 agenda should be: making clear strategic commitments at multilateral platforms, promising concrete physical assistance at bilateral(collective) forums, and promoting domestic comprehensive reform through advocating global partnership.