从“三步走”到“一带一路”：习近平的国家经济战略创新

经过30多年的改革开放,中国从经济小国跃升到经济大国,这种巨变是一步步实现的。自1978年始,国家发展是按照战略家邓小平设计的"三步走"前行的。历史证明,这个战略是理性且实用的。在既延续以前历代领导人正确的战略构想,又对以前的战略作出新的补充和贡献的基础上,2013年起开始了习近平时代的经济战略阶段。习近平的经济战略是一个逐步形成的过程,可以分成两个各自相对独立但又相互影响的部分。国内经济战略包括新型城镇化战略、京津冀区域协同发展战略以及长江经济带战略;国际经济战略包括构建丝绸之路经济带、21世纪海上丝绸之路(简称"一带一路")战略。"一带一路"战略意义大大超出了前三个国内经济战略,具有更加创新、更加大胆的特色。可以说,习近平时代的经济战略已渐入佳境。经济新常态是习近平经济战略对当前经济发展态势的重要判断,在这种新常态下,实施经济发展战略不仅具有机遇,而且面临着更为严峻和众多的挑战和困难。为了顺利推进"一带一路"战略,除了需要有经济总体规划方案之外,还需要制定与之相配合的外交军事战略。

After more than 30 years of reform and opening-up, China jumped from a small economy to a major one, Such changes have been implemented step by step. Since 1978, national development is in accordance with the ＂Three-step＂ strategy designed by the strategist Deng Xiaoping. The history has proved that this strategy is rational and practical. Xi Jinping＇s e- conomic strategic stage has begun since 2013, which not only keeps the correct strategic conceptions of the former leaders of the previous dynasties, but also makes a new contribution to the previous strategies. Xi Jinping has gradually formed a new economic strategy composed of two relatively independent but interacting parts. Domestic economic strategies include the new urbanization strategy, the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei cooperative development strategy and the Yangtze River economic belt strategy; foreign economic strategies include building Silk Road Economic Belt and 21st-Century Maritime Silk Road （the Belt and Road Initiative）. More innovative and daring, the Belt and Road Initiative has a strategic significance far be- yond the domestic economic strategy. The new normal is a significant judgment of Xi Jinping＇s economic strategy on the current economic development situation. Its implementation faces not only opportunities but also severe challenges and dif- ficulties. To advance successfully the initiative, China also needs to develop relevant diplomatic and military strategies.