榆林地区儿童幽门螺杆菌感染流行病学调查分析

Epidemiological investigation and analysis of helicobacter pylori infection in children in Yulin

目的分析榆林地区儿童幽门螺杆菌(Hp)感染流行病学特征,为Hp感染及其相关疾病的预防和治疗提供帮助。方法对2012年1月1日至2014年12月31日来榆林市儿童医院就诊的患儿及健康体检的儿童共9 733例,采用13C尿素呼气试验方法进行Hp感染检测,并结合其盘床资料进行统计分析。结果榆林地区儿童Hp总感染率为45.67%,健康体检儿童感染率为21.41%。2012年、2013年、2014年感染率分别为46.32%、44.18%、45.79%。各年龄组Hp感染有所不同,学龄前为38.33%,学龄后49.47%。男童为45.55%,女童为46.09%。城区儿童Hp感染率为40.15%,农村儿童为48.37%。消化系统疾病感染率最高为67.77%,血液系统疾病、呼吸系统疾病、心血管系统疾病、免疫系统疾病、泌尿系统疾病、神经系统疾病儿童感染率分别为35.39%、30.86%、26.78%、26.95%、23.54%、25.32%;消化系统疾病、血液系统疾病、呼吸系统疾病及免疫系统疾病儿童与健康体检儿童Hp感染率比较差异均具有统计学意义(x^2值分别为1 177.863、58.679、26.810、7.067,均P<0.01)。结论榆林地区儿童Hp感染率低于全国平均自然感染率;学龄后较学龄前Hp感染率明显增高,有随年龄递增的趋势,和性别无关系,农村比城市高;不同系统疾病Hp感染率不同,其中以消化系统疾病Hp感染率最高。因此,在相关疾病的诊治中要注意该菌的防治.

Objective To analyze the epidemiological characteristics of helicobacter pylori （Hp） infection in children in Yulin and to provide guidance for the prevention and treatment of Hp infection and related diseases.Methods Between January 1, 2012 and December 31, 2014 totally 9 733 healthy children and infected cases visited Yulin Children＇s Hospital, and Hp infection was detected by 13C-ura breath test （13C-UBT） and was analyzed combining clinical data.Results The overall infection rate of Hp was 45.67%in Yulin, and that of healthy children was 21.41%.The positive rate of Hp was 46.32%, 44.18%and 45.79%, respectively in 2012, 2013 and 2014.Hp infection was different among all age groups, and that was 38.33%and 49.47%in preschool period and school-age period.The positive rate of Hp was 45.55%for boys and 46.09%for girls.In urban area the positive rate was 40.15%, and it was 48.37% in rural area. The infection rate of digestive system was as high as 67.77%, and that of hematological system, respiratory system, cardiovascular system, immune system, urinary system and neurological system was 35.39%, 30.86%, 26.78%, 26.95%, 23.54% and 25.32%, respectively.The difference in Hp infection in digestive system, hematological system, respiratory system and immune system was significant between infected children and controls （χ^2 value was 1 177.863, 58.679, 26.810 and 7.067, respectively, all P〈0.01）. Conclusion The infection rate of Hp in Yulin is lower than the national average natural infection rate.Hp infection rate of preschoolers is significantly lower than school-age children, and there is an increasing trend with age.It is not related with gender.Hp infection rate in urban is lower than in rural area.Hp infection rate is different among different system diseases, and the highest prevalence is found in digestive diseases.Therefore, attention should be paid to the prevention and treatment of the bacteria during the diagnosis and treatment of related diseases.