社区婴儿家长佝偻病防治知识的知晓率及影响因素

Awareness rate and influencing factors of rickets prevention and treatment knowledge of community infants' parents

目的 了解社区婴儿家长对佝偻病防治知识的掌握情况,为防止和减少小儿佝偻病的发生提供科学依据. 方法对2014年10月至2015年4月来西电集团医院社区儿保门诊及石泉县医院小儿科查体的543例6-12月龄婴儿家长作为研究对象,采用问卷调查表进行维生素D缺乏性佝偻病防治知识的调查,并从家庭经济状况,主要喂养人文化水平等方面分析影响佝偻病防治知识的因素. 结果 家长对15项佝偻病防治知识的了解率为：90%及以上仅有2项,80%-90%为2项,60%-80%为3项,40%-60%为5项,40%及以下有3项. 对其影响因素的分析发现主要喂养人文化程度（F=5.43,P〈0.05）和是否为流动人口（t=5.96,P〈0.05）与佝偻病防治知识的了解情况有关,而家庭经济状况（F=1.59,P〉0.05）和子代的性别（t=0.56,P〉0.05）不是影响其对相关知识了解的主要因素. 结论 婴儿家长对佝偻病防治知识的知晓率较低,加强儿童家长相关知识的宣教是降低社区儿童维生素D缺乏性佝偻病的有效措施.

Objective To understand the knowledge of infants＇ parents on rickets prevention and treatment, so as to provide scientific evidence for preventing and reducing the occurrence of rickets in children.Methods From October 2014 to April 2015, parents of 543 community infants were selected from Hospital of Xidianjituan and the Hospital of Shiquan Country, and questionnaire survey was carried out on knowledge on vitamin D deficiency rickets prevention and treatment.The influencing factors of rickets prevention and treatment were further explored by investigating family economic situation and cultural levels of main caregivers.Results There were 2 of 15 items on rickets prevention and treatment known by more than 90%parents, 2 items by 80%-90% parents, 3 items by 60%-80% parents, 5 items by 40%-60%parents, and the rest 3 items were understood by less than 40% parents.Analysis showed that the culture level of main caregivers （ F=5.43, P〈0.05） and whether parents were floating population （ t =5.96, P〈0.05） were correlated with the awareness of rickets prevention and treatment, but family economic situation （ F=1.59, P〉0.05） and gender of next generation （ t=0.56, P〉0.05） were not the major influencing factors.Conclusion The awareness rate of parents on rickets prevention and treatment knowledge is relatively low.Strengthening the propaganda on relative knowledge among parents is an effective measure to reduce the incidence of vitamin D deficiency rickets in community children.