西安市碑林区2010至2014年5岁以下儿童死亡监测分析

Death monitoring results of children under 5 years old in Beilin District of Xi'an City from 2010 to 2014

目的 对西安市碑林区2010-2014年5岁以下儿童死亡状况的动态变化进行分析,为制定有效干预措施提供依据. 方法 回顾性分析近5年西安市碑林区5岁以下儿童的死亡率、死因构成、顺位及相关因素. 结果 5岁以下儿童死亡率由2010年的8.36‰降至2014年的5.30‰;儿童死亡原因主要集中在早产和低出生体重（36.90%）、先天异常（21.43%）以及肺炎（15.48%）;死亡地点主要在医院（63.10%） ,未接受死亡就诊的死亡儿童占35.29%-40.00%. 结论 加强孕产期检查,以预防早产、低出生体重及先天异常的发生. 进行儿童保健知识宣教,定期进行儿童健康检查,是有效降低5岁以下儿童死亡率的关键.

Objective To explore the dynamic tendency in variation of death in children under 5 years old in Beilin District of Xi＇ an City from 2010 to 2014 and to provide evidence for formulating effective intervention measures.Methods Mortality, causes of death, rank and related factors in children under 5 years old were retrospectively analyzed.Results The mortality rate reduced from 8.36‰ in 2010 to 5.30‰in 2014.The death of children was mainly caused by premature birth and low birth weight （36.90%）, congenital anomaly （21.43%） and pneumonia （15.48%）.Children under 5 years old mainly died in hospital （63.10%）.Among the dead children, about 35.29%to 40.00%children did not accept diagnosis before death.Conclusion Maternal check should be strengthened to prevent preterm birth, low birth weight and congenital anomaly.Disseminating knowledge on child health care and conducting regular health examination for children are effective to reduce the mortality rate of children under 5 years old.