重庆党参真菌病害种类调查及病原鉴定

Fungal Disease Survey and Pathogen Identification on Codonopsis tangshen in Chongqing

目的：明确当前重庆党参主要栽培品种川党参主要真菌病害及对应病原菌种类。方法：对川党参主产区进行系统调查,对所得标本进行病原菌分离、鉴定。结果：共调查到真菌病害5种,分别为党参锈病Puccinia campanumoeaePat.、根腐病Fusariumoxysporu Schl.、紫纹羽病Helicobasidium mompa Tanaka、白粉病Sphaerotheca codono psidis（Golov.）Z.Y.Zhao、斑枯病Septoria codono psidis Ziling。目前,危害川党参最严重的为党参锈病、根腐病和紫纹羽病。结论：重庆巫山、巫溪、奉节等地锈病发病率为100%,严重度2~3级,是川党参的主要病害之一,为害严重,是亟待解决的问题。

Objective： To confirm the current major diseases and corresponding pathogens of Codonopsis tangshen in Chongqing. Methods：The main cultivation regions of Codonopsis tangshen in Chongqing were systematically investigated, and the patho- gens of the obtained specimens were isolated and identified. Results ：Totally ,five fungal diseases in Codonopsis tangshen were identified, including rust disease （Puccinia campanumoeae Pat. ）, root rot（ Fusarium oxysporum Schl. ）, violet root rot（ Helicobasidium mompa Tan- aka）, powdery mildew （ Sphaerotheca codonopsis （ Golov. ） Z. Y. Zhao ）, and blight （ Septoria codonopsidis Ziling）. Currently, the diseases with the serious damage on Codonopsis tangshen included rust disease, root rot and violet root rot. Conclusion：Rust disease, the severest disease ,whose incidence reaches 100% ,is an urgent problem waiting to be solved effectively in Codonopsis tangshen cultivation.