辣椒花药培养胚状体发生途径影响因子研究

Research of Factors Affacting Embroidgenesis in Pepper by Anther Culture

为优化辣椒花药培养体系,以13个不同基因型辣椒材料为试材,对影响花药培养的因子:外源激素、碳源(蔗糖、麦芽糖、葡萄糖)、低温预处理、外源有机添加物、活性炭及植株开花时期进行研究。结果表明,所有供试材料均可诱导出胚状体,其中有8个供试材料可获得健壮的再生植株,基因型是限制辣椒花药培养诱导胚状体的关键因素,不同基因型间出胚率不同,其中G201出胚率最高,达到31.76%;在不同外源激素处理中,NAA比IAA更适合辣椒的花药培养,且NAA与KT浓度配比以0.5∶1.0效果最佳;不同碳源处理中,30 g·L-1的蔗糖浓度最适合辣椒花药培养。4)不同预处理中,4℃低温预处理1-3d有利于胚状体的诱导,其中以处理2d时的出胚率最高;有利于胚状体发生的外源添加物为50μmol·L-1Ag NO3和4 g·L-1活性炭;处于初花期和盛花期的花蕾均可诱导成胚,其中初花期花蕾更适合辣椒花药培养。研究为加快辣椒新品种选育奠定了基础。

In order to establish the anther culture system,tirteen varieties of pepper were used to study the effects of exogenous hormones,carbon（ sucrose,maltose,glucose）,low temperature pretreatment,exogenous organic additives,activated carbon and plants flowering period etc. on the anther culture in Capsicum annuum L. The studies showed that：All test material can induce somatic embryos,and vigorous regeneration plantlets were obtained from eight test materials.Genotype is restricted pepper anther culture embryoid induction key factor,different test material have different embryo rates,which ‘G201 ＇of the embryos was highest rate,reached 31. 76%. The various exogenous hormone treatment showed that NAA is more suitable than IAA pepper anther culture,and NAA combination with KT the best to 0. 5∶ 1. 0.Different carbon treatment showed that suited concentration of sucrose for anther culture of pepper is 30g·L^-1. Different pretreatment treatment showed that 4℃ cold pretreatment 1- 3d conducive embryoid induction,and 2d the embryo rate is highest. 50 μmol·L^-1of Ag NO3 and 4 g·L^-1activated carbon was suitable for somatic embryogenesis. At early flowering and flowering buds can induce embryo,and early flowering buds is more suitable for anther culture in pepper.In this study,the more effectire embryoid induction of anther culture were established,and it appord a basis for breeding of new varieties in pepper.