费约果不同品种和成熟阶段的生物活性物质和抗氧化能力分析

Analysis of Bioactive Compounds and Antioxidant Activity About Feijoa( Accasellowiana) of Different Cultivars and Maturity Stage

本研究以Anatoki、Kakariki、Barton、Unique和Apollo 5个新西兰主栽费约果品种为试材,通过分析其果实构成特点,探讨不同品种和成熟阶段对费约果总酚、总黄酮、原花青素含量和铁离子还原能力的影响,以期深入了解费约果的营养价值,为其深度开发提供理论依据。结果表明：费约果果实富含酚类物质（4.90-10.31 g·100g^-1DW）,其中原花青素含量尤为突出（0.44-0.83 g·100g^-1DW）。不同的品种、成熟阶段和果实部位（果皮、果肉和果浆）均显著影响了总酚、总黄酮、原花青素含量和铁离子还原能力。在5个费约果品种中,Anatoki的总酚含量（10.31 g·100g^-1DW）、原花青素含量（0.83 g·100g^-1DW）和铁离子还原能力（16.56 g·100g^-1DW）最高;过熟阶段的费约果果实较成熟阶段果实具有更高含量的总酚和抗氧化能力。费约果果实的果皮中积累的生物活性物质最多并具有较高的抗氧化能力,其次是果肉,果浆积累最少。研究认为费约果果实废弃物在食品和保健行业具有潜在开发利用价值。

With the aim of better understanding the nutritional value of feijoa and providing the theoretical background for application and utilization of feijoa further,fruit characteristics of cultivars,and the effect of cultivars（ Anatoki,Kakariki,Barton,Unique and Apollo） and fruit maturity stage on phytochemical composition（ total phenolics,total flavonoids and proanthocyanidins,contents） and ferric reducing antioxidant power were investigated. The results showed that feijoa fruit contained abundant phenolic substance（ 4. 90 to 10. 31 g·100g^-1DW）,especially in proanthocyanidins（ 0. 44 to 0. 83 g·100g^-1DW）. Total phenols, total flavonoids, proanthocyanidins content and ferric reducing antioxidant power were influenced markedly by cultivar,mature stage and different fruit part（ fruit peel,fruit flesh and fruit pulp）. Among 5 cultivars,Anatoki had the highest total phenols（ 10. 31 g·100g^-1DW） and proanthocyanidins（ 0. 83 g·100g^-1DW） contents,and ferric reducing antioxidant power（ 16. 56 g·100g^-1DW）. Fruit at over-mature stage was found to contain more total phenols and ferric reducing antioxidant power than at mature stage. Among different fruit organs, fruit peel accumulated the highest total phenols contents, total flavonoids contents and proanthocyanidins contents,followed in order by fruit flesh and fruit pulps. These results suggested that consumers ate the whole fruit or the more mixture of fruit flesh and fruit pulp can obtain more nutrients,and feijoa fruit waste extracts had potential value of development and utilization in food and health industries.