采后烤前喷施外源添加剂对烤烟上部烟叶品质的影响

Effect of Different Exogenous Additives on the Quality of Upper Tobacco Leaves Before Curing Stage

为探讨烤烟采后烤前喷施外源添加剂对上部烟叶经济特性和内在化学品质、香气物质含量的影响,以K326为材料,喷施清水为对照,对上部烟叶采后烤前分别喷施硫代硫酸钠(T1)、硫脲(T2)、苹果酸(T3)、Na Cl(T4)和EDTA(T5)5种化学试剂,考察各处理单叶重、外观质量、经济性状、常规化学成分、评吸质量、香气物质含量的差异。结果显示,各处理单叶重与对照差异均达到显著水平(T1除外),其中T2上升幅度最大,但其杂色烟率最高、上中等烟率和均价最低;T3的上中等烟率及均价均最高;与对照(CK)相比,各总糖及总氮的影响不明显,T3烟碱的降低幅度最大,T1、T3钾/氯值的提升幅度最显著,T3的烟叶评吸质量效果最好,提高香气物质含量最显著。综上所述,采后烤前喷施苹果酸对上部烟叶品质的改善效果最明显。本研究结果可为烤烟生产、烘烤调制确定合理的调控措施提供理论依据。

To reveal the effect of different exogenous additives before curing on the economic characteristics,aroma component content,as well as the quality of upper tobacco leaves,the current study was carried out to inspect the effect of exogenous Sodium subsulfite（ T1）,Thiocarbamide（ T2）,malic acid（ T3）,Na Cl（ T4）,EDTA（ T5） on the single leaf weight,appearance quality,economic characteristics,main chemical components,smoking quality and aroma substance content of upper tobacco leaves by using K326 cultivar material,and taking water as the control treatment. The results showed as follow： the single weight of tobacco leaf by different treatments were significant higher than the control,except T1 treatment. Comparing different treatments,the tobacco leaves from T2 treatment showed the highest single weight,but lowest ratio of motley and superior tobacco leaves,as well as price. The T3 treatment displayed the highest price and superior ratio of tobacco leaves. For chemical component, no significant difference was showed among different treatments,however, the highest decrease extent displayed in T3 treatment, and the highest increase extent of potassium / chloride value. What＇s more,the T3 treatment showed significant effect on promoting the smoking and aroma quality of upper tobacco leaves. In total,spraying exogenous malic acid could significant promote the usable and quality of upper tobacco leaves. The result in current study provided scientific knowledge and foundation to the production and curing theory,as well as regulation method of flue-cured tobacco.