胡麻成株期抗旱指标筛选与种质抗性鉴定

Drought Resistance Indexes Selection for Oil Flax at the Adult Stage and Drought Resistance Identification of Oil Flax Germplasm

为了筛选胡麻成株期抗旱鉴定性状指标和评价种质的抗旱性,本试验设置抗旱指标筛选和种质抗旱鉴定2项试验。在抗旱指标筛选试验中,开花期测定了干物质量,成熟期考察了株高等8个性状,脱粒后测定了种子含油率,运用简单相关、等级相关性和逐步回归、直接通径、灰色关联分析方法,研究了性状旱/水相对值与产量抗旱系数的相关性。结果表明,与抗旱性关系密切的性状依次为:单株粒重、单株生物量、株高、分枝数和单株粒数。以这5个性状为评价指标,对参试品种的抗旱性进行综合评价,发现加权抗旱系数法的评价结果与产量抗旱系数的相关性高于平均抗旱系数法。在种质抗旱鉴定试验中,成熟期考察了株高等8个性状,选择上述已筛选出的5个性状,应用加权抗旱系数法和用逐步分类法,对190份国内外种质进行抗旱性评价和等级划分,一级抗旱型29份、二级26份、三级81份、四级27份、五级27份;不同类型种质的整体抗旱性存在差异,地方资源较好、育成资源次之、引进资源较差。本研究为胡麻抗旱种质资源的发掘、品种选育提供了参考依据。

Two experiments,drought resistance indexes selection for flax at the adult stage and drought resistance identification of flax germplasm,were performed. In the experiment of drought resistance indexes selection for flax at the adult stage,8 agronomic traits were measured. Through statistical analysis,5 traits were found out that are closely related to drought resistance. Their sequential order is： grain weight per plant,biomass per plant,plant height,no. of branches and grain no. per plant. Drought resistance of tested cultivars evaluated by these 5 traits,weighted drought resistance coefficient is closer to the actual result. In the experiment of drought resistance identification of flax germplasm,190 flax germplasm were evaluated and classified by weighted drought resistance coefficient calculated from above 5 selected traits. There are 29 germplasm classified as level 1,26 germplasm as level 2,81 germplasm as level 3,27 germplasm as level 4 and 27 germplasm as level 5. The drought resistance of germplasm are vary,local resources are better,followed by bred resources,and then the introduced resources. This study is useful for drought resistant flax germplasms development and breeding. It also provided the theoretical basis for establishment of technical specifications for drought resistance identification and evaluation of flax.